Technology of electric spark form cutting develops a trend to be seen without exception

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1. Foreword serves as a of advanced production technology main branch, non-traditional machining technology, especially electric spark processing technique, from 20 centuries 40 time are initiated since, all previous development via half many century, already made the main component with indispensable domain of advanced production technology. Take a person especially 20 centuries after 90 time, wait for the development of new and high technology as science and technology of technology of IT, network, aviation and space technology, material, technology of electric spark form cutting also forward the way of deeper administrative levels, higher level develops. Although a few traditional processing technique are passed the ceaseless newer development of oneself and related to other technical confluence, in a few difficult treatment material machines a domain (machine a domain in the mould especially) showed treatment effect to lead advanced advantage, but it is difficult that the application of these technologies did not replace technology of electric spark form cutting completely impossibly also to be in treatment material, complex model the position in the treatment domain such as face, mould. Contrary, technology of electric spark form cutting passes the development experience that draws lessons from other processing technique, ceaseless Xiang Wei is refined, efficient change, nicety is changed, automation, intelligence is changed wait for direction to develop. 2. The development current situation of technology of electric spark form cutting is current, fundamental theory is machined to research a field in electric spark, because discharge,the complexity of process itself, random sex and research method lack innovation sex, heretofore has not gain revolutionary headway. But the field researchs in treatment craft and control theory, because study achievement can apply at producing practice directly, because this already was become research of technology of electric spark form cutting is at present medium relatively active domain, its study heat basically is centered in efficient processing technique, tall accurate processing technique (the face that be like lens processing technique) , small loss processing technique, imperceptible processing technique, non-conductive n technology of material processing technique, electric spark finishing, intelligence controls a technology (controlling technology, expert like technology of artificial nerve network, faintness is. The field is developed in technological equipment, machine tool of current form cutting of new-style electric spark is machining the respect such as degree of precision of function, treatment, automation, dependability to already was improved in the round, a lot of machine tools already were had online detect, intelligent control, modular wait for a function, already was the non-traditional machine tool on traditional sense no longer, and more the numerical control machine tool in be being machined like cutting even machining center. 3. The rapid development of advanced production technology and the aggravate that manufacturing industry market competes are opposite the development trend of technology of electric spark form cutting technology of electric spark form cutting raised taller requirement, the research that also machines theory for technology of electric spark form cutting at the same time and technology development, updating equipment provided new power. The difficult treatment that the treatment object of electric spark form cutting basically will face traditional cutting to machine not easy implementation henceforth is material, sophisticated model the treatment such as the face, among them careful treatment, accurate treatment, narrow groovy treatment, deep antrum treatment will make development focal point. In the meantime, still should notice the compound application with technology of other non-traditional machining or traditional cutting processing technique, develop all sorts of treatment methods adequately to machine medium advantage in difficult treatment material, obtain associated appreciation effect. Relative to at cutting processing technique character, technology of electric spark form cutting still is a younger technology, because this is in the development henceforth, should draw lessons from cutting processing technique to develop the experience that gains in the process and fruit, according to the technical characteristic of oneself of electric spark form cutting, choose principle of proper treatment theory, control and technique, be in oneself on the base that has positive result ceaseless and perfect, innovation. The tide that machine tool of electric spark form cutting turns direction to develop to numerical control is not reversible already turn, but should notice to cannot be gone after blindly " big and complete " , should be with the market oriented, build the numerical control system that has open sex. Overall and character, technology of electric spark form cutting the development trend henceforth should be efficient, high accuracy, small loss, imperceptible change, automation, safe, environmental protection. 3.

The development trend of theory of form cutting of L electric spark in recent years, the fundamental theory of electric spark form cutting considers to have not gain materiality headway, although a few learned men are right,corrode of the discharge trace that machines a process, material divides a principle to wait offerred a few new views, but did not obtain major breakthrough in respect of research of mechanism of electric spark treatment. Relatively active research domain basically is machining craft theory and control theory respect centrally. The field researchs in treatment craft theory, studying heat basically is the exterior quality that how improves electric spark form cutting and treatment speed, reduce loss, extend the range that electric spark machines, and the treatment method that explores complex, imperceptible structure. Through will studying achievement application is carried out at production, improved the treatment performance of electric spark form cutting in the round. Research a field theoretically in control, intelligent control is research key all the time. The machine tool of form cutting of new-style electric spark of domestic and international production used intelligence to control a technology mostly, the application of this technology makes machine tool operation apter, lower to operating personnel to ask. In the meantime, intelligence controls a system to have capacity of self-study be used to, but online and automatic monitor, adjust treatment process, in order to realize the optimization control of treatment process. Although the theory of electric spark form cutting considers to be in,the respect such as fundamental theory, treatment craft theory, control theory has develop certainly and rise, but treatment craft theory, control theory should get developing in the round further, must break through somewhat on the research of mechanism of whole discharge process. Accordingly, the development trend that theory of electric spark form cutting studies will be discussing treatment craft theory and control theory further, the processability that raises electric spark form cutting can reach size range of pipe bent, obtain better control result while, study the mechanism of discharge process mainly. Research of mechanism of electric spark form cutting did not obtain revolutionary evolutional outside the complexity that main reason divides discharge process itself, random sex, because research technique reachs a method,still lack innovation sex. Accordingly, be necessary to draw lessons from other to study the successful experience of the domain, fetching and advanced research technique and experiment technology, the limitation that overcomes traditional research technique, deep person is analysed and announce the immanent essence of whole discharge process, build the theoretical model that can reflect discharge process pattern objectively, dominate academic research in order to show theory of craft of electric scintilla form cutting is mixed, and computer emulation technology may be the effective tool that realizes this one process. 3.

The improvement of construction of facility of form cutting of 2 electric spark draws lessons from contemporary cutting to machine the development experience of the machine tool, equipment of electric spark form cutting changes direction to develop to numerical control is one cannot counter the tendency that turn. Answer to pursue an objective with high accuracy, high rate, automatic melt into on one hand, with technical advantage occupational market; Answer on the other hand the performance/price ratio of mature equipment, adopt the reasonable fixed position of pair of machine tool functions, undertake the structure is improved and modular design, use the numerical control system of open sex, raise the rationality that the machine tool designs, provide the machine tool of form cutting of of all kinds electric spark that can satisfy different treatment to need to the user with lowermost price and enough function. Suffer the concussion that contemporary cutting processing technique develops, the territory of one part treatment that suits to use electric spark to machine previously already was cutting to machine means place to replace stage by stage. But, the development of modern science and technology raised taller requirement to the production precision of the spare parts, the application of all sorts of high-powered data is increasingly wide, in the meantime, structure of a few spare partses tends complication, miniature is changed, thin model change, this makes cutting processing technique is restricted in the application of certain treatment domain, and these technical advantages that are electric spark form cutting fitly, also be the actual basis that its have vivosphere and development latent capacity. Progress to promote the technology of equipment of electric spark form cutting in the round, using advanced control system while, the design of machine tool structure also needs to be perfected further, its basically develop way the watch is the following now two respects: (The equipment of form cutting of applied electric spark of linear servo uses 1) servo of linear electric machinery can make processability can win clear improvement, is incorporate: ? Swiftly moisture in the soil enlighten plant cape is troubled by benzene to finish ニ of ∪ of  of Hui large  carries Kou Huan Shufu again cover of take along sth to sb of deceive of tiger of  of large of overstep one's authority of Dong of mother of cape of ぶ of V of  of commission of  of   square grave finishs  knocking at black windows on  of stalk of Mao of  of awake of  Qun anxiety, it is to develop the its technology advantage, another important way that promotes its estate development. Draw lessons from the development experience of contemporary cutting processing technique, figuration movement base can be machined basically to go up in the machine tool fetching circular motion, use much axis turn especially the system coordinates combination to become a variety of compound motion kind with a variety of sharp movement, ask in order to get used to the treatment of different and phyletic workpiece, enlarge the size range of pipe bent of electric spark form cutting, raise what its machine a respect in nicety to compare advantage and technical beneficial result. Current, domestic and international machine tools of a lot of electric spark form cutting were made on athletic way a few improve, if Swiss A is strange,the AGIFMONDOSTAR20(50) machine tool that the company manufactures has EQUIMODE function, can realize a space the hemisphere translation of any direction, function of this kind of translation has very high economic value in be machined actually. But the athletic kind that at present machine tool of electric spark form cutting adds is relatively onefold still, applied range is narrow. Electric spark form cutting is machining the respect such as efficiency of precision, treatment, size range of pipe bent to obtain major breakthrough, an important development way is the innovation of way of pair of movement of machine tool figuration and diversification. Recently, japanese Tokyo university Dr. Yu Zuyuan, Zeng Zelong is long the professor advanced the loss idea such as electrode, adopt the sound program to machining method namely, can make electrode loss is in wait for loss condition, make the compensation of electrode loss becomes very simple thereby. Of this one concept put forward those who be way of movement of electric spark form cutting to improve provided necessary academic basis. Of course, the change of machine tool structure that produces from this and the technology is academic research related its still need farther deep person and perfect, possible even development goes a kind of brand-new treatment theory. In addition, the integral structure of the machine tool is designed must one machine coordinates mature environmental protection and person quality, the design method with advanced have the aid of and method (be like CAD, finite yuan of analysis) undertake be optimizinged in the round designing to machine tool structure, raise the advanced sex of machine tool structure and rationality adequately. 3.

The development trend of craft of form cutting of 3 electric spark carries the research of mechanism of pair of electric spark form cutting, announce further the underlying law of discharge process, it is guidance with this, drive craft of electric spark form cutting to develop to direction of efficient, high accuracy, small loss, still should notice to change the development that machines a respect imperceptibly at the same time. (What 1) machines a process is efficient those who change treatment course is efficient change reflect not only machining structure of system of servo, control, working fluid system, machine tool to wait through improving electric spark, reduce afore-mentioned elements to be opposite the influence of efficiency of electric spark form cutting, efficiency of thick, finish machining improves below the premise that assures to machine precision, still should reduce auxiliary time as far as possible at the same time (if process designing time, electrode and workpiece locate the) such as time, maintenance time, this enhances the function of automatic process designing of the machine tool with respect to need, the ability of online tiring-room process designing of patulous machine tool, improve and develop applicable electrode and workpiece tabulator; to safeguard a respect in the machine tool, should enhance the multimedia function of the machine tool and online help function, to common breakdown, operate personnel to be able to achieve trouble removal according to computer clew directly, the maneuverability that at the same time this also is helpful for enhancing a machine tool and the operation mastery of a skill or technique that handle personnel. (The nicety of 2) treatment process is changed through using a series of advanced processing technique and technique, at present form cutting precision already had electric spark to rise in the round, some already can achieve lens face to machine a level. But from on the whole, the advanced technique application in actual production still matures not quite and extensive, because this is necessary,drive in the round what already had an advanced technique is farther perfect reach develop to industrialization direction. Below the premise that assures to machine speed, finished cost, make the precision level of electric spark form cutting rises further, make electric spark form cutting makes the final treatment way of a few main parts, crucial part. In the meantime, to machining precision measure cannot the dimension precision of workpiece of mere bureau be confined to and exterior surface roughness, still should include model ply of the geometrical precision of the face, degenerative layer and microcosmic crackle, oxidation, rustily etc. (Domain of a when change electric spark form cutting imperceptibly of 3) treatment process fundamental application is narrow the treatment of groove, deep antrum, tiny part, what machine a process accordingly is imperceptible changing will be henceforth an important development way. Electric spark machines mechanism and form cutting of groovy electric spark imperceptibly identical, but the craft characteristic that has oneself: The discharge energy of every pulse is very small, working fluid loop is difficult, stable discharge clearance scope is little wait. Be based on these craft characteristics, fluid of the treatment device of form cutting of imperceptible electric spark, job preparation of circulatory system, electrode have very big distinction with form cutting of groovy electric spark necessarily. Accordingly, need considers to be not mechanical active force to reach its to disturb the influence to machining a process to wait mainly, increase precision of treatment efficiency, treatment and the stability that machine a process further. (The amplification of 4) application limits is current, electric spark form cutting can machine all sorts of electric metals not only material and complex model antrum, still can realize half-and-half conductor material, non-conductive n the treatment of material, obtained better treatment result. In the meantime, the phyletic ceaseless also grow in quantity of electrode material. The main development trend of this respect is: Further research is semiconductor material, non-conductive n the discharge of material machines mechanism, those who promote its to machine stability of process of precision of efficiency, treatment, treatment rise, enlarge can machine the limits of material; Divide treatment complex model outside antrum, farther implementation is right three-dimensional model antrum, complex model the treatment of the face; Develop the new-style electrode material with superior performance. 3.

The system of development trend numerical control of system of numerical control of form cutting of 4 electric spark is the core part of numerical control machine tool, of its function rise to be able to improve precision of treatment efficiency, treatment and treatment stability directly not only, also be to enlarge size range of pipe bent, implementation at the same time the important way that complex nicety machines. The application of system of advanced numerical control can bring remarkable economic benefits and wide development perspective for electric spark form cutting, already made the important mark that measures level of technology of electric spark form cutting. Electric spark form cutting basically behaves in the development trend of respect of numerical control system in the following respects: (The development mainstream that the numerical control system that 1) builds the system of open mode numerical control of based PC to have open sex is system of current numerical control, and the system of open sex construction that the characteristic of PC oneself decided to it is a kind of standard. Of the rapid development of PC technology and performance/price ratio rose to provide advantageous soft hardware platform, more friendly man-machine interface and function of control of online real time for numerical control system ceaselessly. Compare with the photograph of numerical control system previously, the numerical control system that is based on a PC has the following advantage: ① system is had taller compositive spend and dependability; ② is resourceful, comfortable develop at the product; ③ control function is powerful, formal diversity, can realize much chance control, much target control; ④ system is had taller flexible. The is based on a PC numerical control system that uses at numerical control machine tool at present is more special model structure, although have a structure simpler, technology cost of more mature, development is lower advantage, but the further progress as the technology, its soft, hardware is had close sexual defect heals advantage is clear. For example, the numerical control system of this kind of structure applies the newest positive result of computer technology in time very hard; Between different system very difficult mutual and compatible; The user is added not easily or improve suit the special function with real oneself; PC resource utilization rate is low, produce the advantage of the PC completely hard; Control system function is not perfect wait. Be aimed at afore-mentioned blemish, the system of numerical control of electric spark form cutting that builds based PC should put the emphasis in the following respects: ① is modular system should the unified regulation according to system of open sex numerical control builds modular construction of system, through studying to the system of electric spark form cutting, handpick and necessary function, augment is optional function, the function with needless eliminate. At the same time each module should have the applied process interface of standardization, different module can move at different systematic platform, mutual between the capacity that should have harmonious job. ② shrinks the user that put a sex can ask according to his treatment, through adding, the functional module with specific eliminate, realize an user " special system " . Can replace each other between the module that ③ interchangeability has similar function and dependability level. Make full use of trend of a PC resource will develop the numerical control system with superior performance will be electric spark form cutting significant progress. (2) implementation has machined Cheng pilot intelligence to change the automation that improves process of electric spark form cutting is the inevitable tendency that this processing technique develops. Because electric spark form cutting is,the complex task control to complex object is based on below complex environment, traditional control system already cannot satisfy the requirement that automation machines, the control system that needs to build much input, much output accordingly, intelligent control will be the efficient way that solves this kind of complex problem. Control system has intelligence to self-study reviews and get used to a function oneself, the control structure of can own regulating system, parameter and method, undertake decision-making program and broad sense problem seek solution. It has the handlers of experience as, can pass the qualitative score to processing information, the thinking means of imitate adroitness handlers, according to current treatment condition adjusts treatment parameter, come true then improve treatment stability of process of precision of efficiency, treatment, treatment and simplify unit process of cargo bandling, widen the purpose of size range of pipe bent. The intelligent control that machines a process basically includes tripartite extent content: Technology of network of ① artificial nerve; ② faintness is controlled; ③ expert system. Although intelligence controlled a system to receive a large number of application in electric spark form cutting, but still have a lot of not perfect place, basically need to solve the following problem: ① asks to decide tool electrode and workpiece machine the reasonable clearance between the surface and reasonable treatment parameter according to different treatment; ② is developed can the according to machining the change of condition of the clearance in the process pulse power source that gets used to change oneself; Of ③ job fluid reasonable choose reach its the influence to machining a process; ④ reduces all sorts of effects that violate pair of treatment processes. Be aimed at above problem, intelligence of electric spark form cutting controls a system to the key studies and should use the following technology: The application of ① expert system because the complexity of electric spark form cutting, operation personnel need masters plan of technology of numerical control process designing, treatment adroitly to allow the technology such as compensation of loss of choice, electrode and relevant knowledge, among them the defect that the deficiency of any link will cause treatment process or failure. It is OK to use expert system better solve this one problem. Of expert system build the perfect need foundation that reachs a function the characteristic of electric spark form cutting, combine the experiment that comes for years to study achievement and real operation experience, ceaseless and contented, improve expert system knowledge base, refine inferential process, build good man-machine port, ask according to different treatment thereby, implementation machines parameter to optimize the online real time in reaching treatment process to adjust, achieve reduce operation difficulty, implementation efficient, high accuracy and the purpose that stabilize treatment. The application of technology of network of ② artificial nerve although the solves a problem ability that expert system can make the computer controls a system to have similar mankind expert, but its are in of knowledge it is difficult to get a respect to exist, self-study ability is poor. Artificial nerve network is through using the computer to be opposite human brain function undertakes the abstract, height that simplifies to be built with imitate one kind nonlinear system, it is had from organization, self-study sex of be used to, fault tolerance is mixed the ability of collateral processing information, suit to handle complex issue particularly, it is the strong complement of pair of expert systems. Current, technology of artificial nerve network already had a variety of different structure models, will answer henceforth a variety of structure models reasonable union, produce the oneself advantage of technology of artificial nerve network adequately, learn from others's strong points to offset his weakness each other with technology of expert system, ambiguous control, raise position of efficiency of pair of discharge condition, treatment, discharge to wait forecast precision, raise online real time to dominate the result, drive control of process of electric spark form cutting to develop to higher administrative levels. ③ faintness controls applied faintness of the technology to control a technology is the development on the base that reachs technology of ambiguous and logistic inference in variable of ambiguous set theory, vague language the advanced computer that rise controls a technology, through inputting a few parameter, ambiguous control system can choose best parameter automatically, automatic monitoring machines a process, realize control of automation, optimization. In addition, will suit oneself and learn ability fetching faintness controls a system, can realize regular to ambiguous control, subject function and faintness to quantify the self-correcting in control and perfect. Because mechanism of electric spark form cutting has not get be knowinged adequately, because this faintness controls a technology,the application in electric spark form cutting still exists a lot of not perfect place, need research of farther deep person, be like: Ambiguous gather is subject of function beg take, faintness controls what parameter adjusts to optimize speed of the method, design that establishs model, faintness to forecast to machining condition with ambiguous method, operation rise etc. Be necessary to perfect ambiguous control and the union from system of network of adaptive control, artificial nerve, expert further, produce all sorts of advantages that command a method adequately, in order to solve afore-mentioned difficult problem, the treatment that realizes efficient, high accuracy, small loss, stability crosses programmed control to make. For follow closely the development pace of advanced production technology, should the most advanced artificial intelligence technology process of form cutting of fetching electric spark is controlled in, use all sorts of characteristics that control a technology and dominant position, development intelligence is changed, the control unit of machine tool of modular electric spark form cutting and actuator, stimulative report machines full-scale technology progress of the industry. 3.

5 safety in operation and environmental protection progress as science and technology and the mankind develops civilizedly, people is higher and higher to the requirement of the improvement of working requirement and environmental protection. Electric spark form cutting because its oneself characteristic, inevitably meeting produces working fluid to splatter, the insecure element such as radiate of aerosol, noise, electromagnetism, harmful gas and pollution, to handlers person the harm of safety and environment cannot be ignored. Accordingly, develop to make sure report can last of treatment industry, need fibrous root is occupied " green is made " principle, those who realize resource is the most effective use and the lowermost limit generation of litter and discharge. Specific should take the following step: The area of machine tool work that ① closes. This is helpful for improving radiate of working fluid, aerosol, electromagnetism to wait for the pollution of environment of pair of human body, machine tool, work, danger getting an electric shock and the concentration to harmful gas prevent in be helpful for unit process of cargo bandling processing is discharged; ② replaces sexual technique apply. For example, the environment that creates to reduce place of use job fluid is polluted, can be below the premise that assures to machine precision of efficiency, treatment, finished cost and treatment process stability, choose the working fluid with lesser pollution as far as possible, should study energetically at the same time, the form cutting technology that development does not use working liquid; The aftertreatment of ③ litter. The waste liquid to the generation in treatment, waste gas must pass the ability after processing to discharge. Need is special point out, to machining the reasonable processing of the contaminant that the process produces, the security that is helpful for increasing the job not only, reduce an environment to pollute, still be helpful for improving the working environment of handlers, when making handlers works buoyant, the social form that this processes an industry to raising report and market competition ability also are very beneficial. 4. Technology of form cutting of epilogue electric spark has important place in manufacturing industry domain, it is the significant step that nicety of material of implementation difficult treatment, complex part machines. Researcher should draw lessons from the successful experience that other processing technique develops, foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses, make full use of the relevant fruit that modern science and technology develops, on the foundation that studies mechanism of electric spark discharge in deep person, theory of craft of form cutting of directive electric spark and control study theoretically, improve machine tool structure and design method, build the system of open sex numerical control of based PC, implementation intelligence dominates the organic union of technology and technology of electric spark form cutting, at the same time height takes safety in operation and environmental protection seriously, drive technology of electric spark form cutting to develop more quickly in the round. CNC Milling CNC Machining