One, a kind of basic function that compensation of radius of cutting tool of overview of compensatory of cutting tool radius is system of control of machine tool of contemporary numerical control, it is in the system such as machine of cut of milling machine of numerical control car, machining center, blaze when treatment workpiece, be being machined in workpiece of 2 dimension plane especially is, inch of with effective demand dimension of the workpiece that if take no account of the actual diameter size of cutting tool,treatment comes out do not accord with, the workpiece that treatment comes out will slant big or slant small, if the system has cutting tool radius to compensate a function to be able to be machined,go out accord with requirement of standard of technical measurement standards, at the same time cutting tool radius compensates OK still and same machine program to realize the rough machining of the spare parts, semifinishing machining, finish machining, simplify thick, finish machining repeats contrail of same cutter track work out the trival job of file of CNC of contrail of 3 two cutter track. 2, the contrail of cutting tool center that the compensation of cutting tool radius of system of center of CNC Machining of process of compensatory of cutting tool radius machines computation code contrail is calculated by CNC system analytic carry out, before this is machining below one paragraph of contrail in industry procedure to move with respect to requirement CNC system, read beforehand it is good to take an analysis to calculate the central contrail that the cutting tool after the consideration adds cutting tool radius to compensate moves, part program mixes CNC system basis to store in the system cutting tool radius slants beforehand buy is worth contrail of center of automatic computation cutting tool to be machined to the spare parts, the cutting tool that should choose different radius when treatment must not modify the order that processes a spare parts, the radius in needing to revise CNC system only slants the memory of buy is worth can, machine in contrail of spare parts cutter track a process is divided in the process, compensatory of A cutting tool is built, when cutting tool is moving along contrail of program of work out cutting tool, contrail of cutting tool center is decided to be on the foundation of contrail of former process designing by instruction of G41, G42 towards the left or right deflection radius of a cutting tool, the G00 that compensation of cutting tool radius is processing NC code only or G01 are built in orbit point-blank, and cannot build in G02 or contrail of G03 circular arc again. Compensatory of radius of B cutting tool undertakes, once cutting tool radius is built, CNC system holds compensation position all the time, read to the system all the time take G40 radius to compensate cancel to dictate. Compensatory of radius of B cutting tool cancels, when cutting tool leaves workpiece to return the start of treatment, cancel with G40 cutting tool radius is compensated, compensation of cutting tool radius must cancel in linear contrail of G00 or G01, and cannot cancel in G02 or contrail of G03 circular arc again. In these 3 processes, the cutter track contrail that contrail of cutting tool center is the treatment workpiece that the basis weaves comes calculative, machine outline by linear or composition of circular arc line segment, radius compensation can undertake in 2 dimension plane only, appoint plane of XY, ZX, YZ respectively with G17, G18, G19, when treatment is linear, the parallel that the contrail of cutting tool center is workpiece outline and the radius value that the distance is equal to cutting tool, when machining circular arc, machine workpiece outline and contrail of cutting tool center the difference of radius is equal to value of cutting tool radius, compensation of cutting tool radius can be left compensation G41 (way of the movement when cutting tool is machined is treatment spare parts is left) or it is right compensation G42 (way of the movement when cutting tool is machined is treatment spare parts on the right side of) , machining trochoid can be to receive the linear, node that receives circular arc, circular arc to receive linear, circular arc to receive circular arc point-blank point-blank between Duan Zhi. Compensation method divides B kind compensation and C kind compensation, b kind contrail of center of compensation cutting tool paragraph it is to use circular arc link to transfer, algorithmic and simple implementation is easy, but because use circular arc to link,the outline outside having work adds man-hour, cutting tool only then in in a bit cutting, workpiece appearance pointed horn is become by treatment the dimension of roundlet horn and real work is not accorded with, when undertaking workpiece outline is machined, must add by what person of process designing staff is additional transfer circular arc, and must assure to transfer the radius of circular arc is more than cutting tool radius. Such: It is to increase difficulty of process designing job; 2 it is to have neglect a bit, transfer when circular arc radius is less than cutting tool radius, because cutting tool is interfered and the meeting has arisen to cut, make machine a spare parts to discard as useless. C kind compensation is the radius compensation function that at present system of major numerical control has, c kind compensation uses linear join to transfer between line segment of contrail of cutting tool center, system of CNC numerical control is calculated automatically in real time directly of contrail of cutting tool center turn receive point of intersection, it is good to machine pointed horn to machine craft sex, can have come true to cut automatic forecast to call the police when adding the rough sketch inside workpiece processing mechanism, b kind the knife fills use read a paragraph, calculate a paragraph, walk along a paragraph processing technique. Below one paragraph of contrail that reason cannot predict to cutting tool radius is caused is opposite an influence of paragraph of contrail. And C kind filling radius countervail uses the method that has handling to two paragraphs. Handle first this paragraph, decide contrail of cutting tool center again according to below one paragraph paragraph transfer condition, finish this Duan Dao complementary operation to handle thereby. 3, computation of coordinate of contrail of compensatory of cutting tool radius is linear with linear, linear with circular arc, circular arc with linear, circular arc and circular arc turn accept classification (following specifications) A=a2-a1 (note: A1 is the included angle of paragraph of orbit line segment and a X axis, a2 is the included angle that plays paragraph of contrail and X axis, if be circular arc A1 and A2,be circular arc turn the included angle of the tangent of contact and X axis) . Because two-phase measures included angle to differ,reach G41, G42 slant buy kind is different, make of contrail of cutting tool center turn receive means to differ somewhat, be like those who issue a list to shorten model, stretchy model, insert model 3 kinds receive means the following graph to be compensated for exemple G42. 1) shorten model, fall in G42 means, the included angle A of two vector is between 180º ～ 360º , below G41 means, the included angle A that two-phase measures is to shorten between 0º ～ 180º model. 2) stretchy model, fall in G42 means, the included angle A of two vector is in 0º ～ between 90º , below G41 means, the included angle A that two-phase measures is stretchy between 270º ～ 360º model. 3) insert model, fall in G42 means, the included angle A of two vector is between 90º ～ 180º , below G41 means, the included angle A that two-phase measures is stretchy between 180º ～ 270º model. Radius of simple specification cutting tool compensates the brief and algorithmic process of coordinate of cutter track contrail below Nextpage. Be opposite below linear with turn point-blank those who receive right compensation G42 is stretchy with insert model computation does simple derivation (A) 1) , right compensation G42 is stretchy model radius is compensated turn the computation of contact B coordinate, as above pursues (A) if pursue (A, accord with dimension to assure what workpiece exterior assures after a radius is worth cutting tool deflection, do the contrail of radius of deflection cutting tool, as above graph. The included angle of line segment OO1 and X axis is A1, the included angle of line segment O1G and X1 axis is A2, criterion O1A= O1C=R of A=a2-a1 line segment (cutting tool radius is worth) turn after demand radius is long the coordinate of contact B, can press following methods to calculate. Because of CO1B of ≌ of AO1B of ⊿ of O1G of ⊥ of O1A ⊥ O1H O1C so CO1G of ∠ AO1H= ∠ so HO1G=a2-a1 of ∠ AO1C= ∠ (1) AO1C/2= of ∠ of CO1G= of ∠ AO1B= ∠ (A2-a1) TAN[(A2-a1) / 2]=AB/O1A=AB/R (2) AB=R ＊ TAN[(A2-a1) / 2] (3) because ofAccord with dimension to assure what workpiece exterior assures after a radius is worth cutting tool deflection, do the contrail of radius of deflection cutting tool, need the coordinate of computational B dot and C dot. The included angle of line segment OO1 and X axis is A1, the included angle of line segment O1G and X1 axis is A2, o1A=O1D=R of A=a2-a1 line segment (cutting tool radius is worth) because of AGB of ⊿ of ≌ of O1FA of ⊿ of AB of ⊥ of OX//FG OO1//AB O1A=AB=R O1A (1) O1A=O1D=AB=DC=R so ∠ of BAG= of ∠ O1OX= ∠ AO1F=a1 (2) SIN ∠ BAG=BG/AB=GB/R (3) BG=R ＊ SINa1 (4) COSa1=O1F/O1A=O1F/R (5) O1F=R ＊ COSa1 (6SINa2 of Cx=DJ+DH= R ＊ -- R ＊ CONS (180º-a2) (24) =R (SINa2-COSa2) (25) can get C dot to be Cy=R in the umbriferous coordinate of Y axis with manage (SINa2+COSa2) (26) centers of afore-mentioned cutting tool of compensation of radius of cutting tool radius turn receiving kind is broken line, the computational formula of place derivation is the coordinate that begs broken line inflection point, c of system of major numerical control kind radius compensation uses this kind of means, this kind of means is in stretchy model and insert model the corner when work can be being processed when cutter track contrail holds pointed part. Additionally one kind turns receiving kind is circular arc, center of computational cutting tool is in linear or the position of circular arc end points, to outside the treatment of contrail of outline work cutter track (stretchy model or insert model turn receive orbit) , can pursue as follows (C) calculate only coordinate of A dot, B dot, it is the centre of a circle with O1, o1A=O1B=R inserts circular arc to transfer for radius, because circular arc join does not need to do,turn the complex consideration that receives point of intersection, go to the lavatory simply consequently, but cutting tool is circumferential when doing circular arc corner to transfer, circular arc corner and photograph of workpiece outline corner contact horn of unwarrantable ∠ OO1C to produce roundlet part however for pointed horn, cannot get in good condition pointed part, additional to shortening model orbit turns receive transfer, insertion circular arc paragraph will make cutting tool has arisen to cut a phenomenon, this is the malady that circular arc transfers. A compensation of example half-and-half diameter just was lifted to turn above the computation of contact, right linear with linear, linear with circular arc, circular arc and the G41 of linear, circular arc and garden arc (left fill) G42 (right fill) can draw turn receive orbit graph to press similar methodological derivation to calculate. (C) Nextpage3) , below the compensation that citing half-and-half diameter fills is built (issue paragraph of contrail to be linear) cancel with compensation (upside contrail is linear) following the computation of coordinate, graphs (D) . As above pursues (D) left to G41 compensation compensates initial drop A build (value of AB of cutting tool radius is R) . (Cy-By) / [(Cx-Bx) ²+ (Cy-Cx) ²]=EB/AB²=EB/R²EB=R² ＊ (Cy-By) / [(Cx-Bx) ²+ (Cy-Cx) ²] (Cx-Bx) / [(Cx-Bx) ²+ (Cy-Cx) ²]=EA/AB²=EA/R²EA= R² ＊ (Cx-Bx) / [(Cx-Bx) ²+ (Cy-Cx) , all sorts of turning the compensatory of cutting tool radius that receives a kind is built with cancel following illustrate. The CNC code give typical examples that radius of illustrate cutting tool compensates process designing below pursues as follows means of left compensation of radius of G41 cutting tool (increment coordinate process designing) O0007G0G40G49G80G90G0 X0 Y0N1 G91 G17 G00 G41 Y20. 00D01 builds radius of cutting tool of D01 of left compensation of radius of G41 cutting tool to slant the address N2 G01 Y40 of buy.
00F500.
00N3 X40.
00Y30.
00N4 G02 X40.
00Y-40.
00R40.
00N5 X-20.
00Y-20.
00R20.
00N6 G01 X-60.
00N7 G40 Y-20.
Deposit in D01 of 00N8 M30% address slant buy quantity is value of cutting tool radius. 4, in cutting phenomenon and compensation of radius of cutting tool of its means of settlement to use too, appear in process of compensation of cutting tool radius cut too (interfere namely) those who point to is to be in the treatment process of the spare parts, cutting tool has campaign according to the contrail of program set, because used cutting tool to compensate a function, when implementing certain directive, appear or likelihood occurrence cutting tool is excessive the phenomenon of cutting spare parts. Numerical control system is in after enabling cutting tool to compensate a function, can appear usually of two kinds of circumstances cut too. A kind of circumstance is use radius when compensation, the value is more than the sets beforehand cutting tool radius in inputting numerical control machine tool to control systematic cutting tool to compensate to be machined the smallest sunken round radius of the treatment outline curve of the spare parts, when system of the control in machining a process carries out statement of this paragraph of program, the meeting after numerical control system is calculated has happened to cut a phenomenon, the machine tool suspends campaign, give out cutting tool cuts too call the police information, also say cut a phenomenon too for the holiday, among them thalweg part is cut to pass. Settlement method is very simple, the radius of cutting tool should satisfy workpiece outline the principle of the smallest sunken round radius can. Another kind of circumstance is machine program can be carried out completely, but motion of the cutting tool in machining a process has appeared to cut a phenomenon, when the program is carried out, system of control of numerical control machine tool did not show what cutting tool cuts too to call the police information. What the article studies is because program process designing is undeserved,this is planted cause cut a phenomenon too, bring about be machined of workpiece discard as useless. Undeserved generation cuts process designing too the phenomenon is like below 2 kinds of circumstances commonly: 1. In the condition of cutting tool compensation after cutting tool compensation is built, if existence has,exist continuously be not the mobile instruction that appoints planar axis paragraph, possible generation cuts a phenomenon too. Numerical control system uses radius of C function cutting tool to compensate commonly, its are main the feature is used when function of radius of executive cutting tool multistage the function that the program reads beforehand, carry out in the program namely when, interior of numerical control system stores at the same time the information of 3 block. If be in the condition of cutting tool compensation after cutting tool compensation is built, if existence has,exist continuously be not the mobile instruction that appoints planar axis paragraph, interrupted cutting tool to join in the around inside Dao Buping face so, numerical control system cannot be calculated correctly, the athletic contrail of correction cutting tool, possible generation cuts a phenomenon too. 2. The contrail that cutting tool compensation builds and the included angle choice between treatment contrail is subsequently undeserved had happened likely also to cut a phenomenon. In system of certain numerical control, the ongoing way that the program contrail when cutting tool compensation is built and cutting tool compensation have condition begins is having particular demand. CNC Milling
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