Laser beam welding receives a technology to reach its to apply mediumly in auto industry

The principle laser beam welding that 1 laser beam welding receives is received is one of main fields that laser material processing technique uses. It is to use high-energy laser bundle make material melt joins, form admirable solder the process of contact. 70 time basically use 20 centuries at soldering thin wall material and low speed solder, solder the process belongs to heat to conduct model, stimulate ray radiation to heat namely workpiece surface, exterior quantity of heat conducts inward ministry to diffuse through heat, power of the width that passes control laser pulse, energy, peak value and repeat the parameter such as frequency to make workpiece fused, form specific bath. 1.

The characteristic with the technical feasibility the basiccest laser that 2 laser beam welding receive is: Monochromatic sex, directional, dependency. These unique character are added from this and the freeboard brightness that come, exceed the property such as short pulse to make it has been united in wedlock closely together with modern industry, these character suit to solder very much treatment. The key that laser beam welding receives facility is high-power laser. The working material that laser presses generation laser commonly is different will classify, basically have semiconductor (GaAs, inP) laser, solid (Nd: YAG) laser, gas (CO2, He-Ne) laser, liquid (adjustable humorous dye) laser, chemical laser, free electron laser. What apply extensively at present is two kinds big among them: One kind is aeriform laser, aeriform laser regards the job as medium with gas or metallic vapour, generation is on average 10.

The infra-red laser of 6 μ M, can work continuously and output very high power, standard laser power is in of 2 ～ 5kw ask. It is current phyletic and most, most appearance changes incentive way, laser wavelengh distributinging area is the widest, easy implementation high-power is outputted continuously, use a kind of the most extensive laser. Another kind is solid laser, the particle mix into that will produce laser at be the same as body matrix, its chroma is bigger than gas, can obtain bigger laser consequently energy out-put. Have energy power of big, peak value tall, orgnaization is firm and compact, durable wait for a characteristic, apply to flexible production system or long-range treatment, use at soldering normally the work with precision higher demand. Laser beam welding receives a technology to grow steadily in the application of production domain, arrive by pulse successive, you Xiaogong leads high-power, arrive by thin plate thick, seam complex form by simple sheet, laser beam welding receives the modern treatment engineering technology that has made a kind of maturity stage by stage in ceaseless evolution process. Laser beam welding receives cent to solder with successive laser for pulse laser, can divide again in soldering continuously conduct for heat solder and deep penetrable solder. Rise as what laser outputs power, especially the occurrence of laser of high power CO2, deep penetrable technology was in laser to get domestic and internationally developing quickly, the biggest solder deep wide than achieving 12:1, laser beam welding received material to also develop plating zine plate, aluminium board, titanium board, copperplate and material of pottery and porcelain by general mild steel, laser beam welding received speed to already was achieved minutely a few meters. Laser beam welding receives a technology to mature increasingly, apply to product line in great quantities, solder like gear on car product line, car motherboard and structural member (include door automobile body) high speed goes all out enormous economic benefits and social benefit already were gained in solder. The craft parameter that 2 laser beam welding receive and technique 2.

The craft parameter that 1 laser beam welding receives 2.

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Density of power of 1 power density is one of the most crucial parameter in laser beam machining. Use higher power density, limits asks when small second inside, surface layer can heat to boiling point, vaporization. Accordingly, high power density is machined to material purify, if stiletto, cut, sculpture is advantageous. To inferior power density, surface layer temperature achieves boiling point to need to experience several millisecond, before surface layer vaporization, ground floor reachs melting point, easy form good melt to solder. Accordingly, in conduct model laser beam welding is received in, power density limits is in Cm2 of ／ of 104 ～ 106W. 2.

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Weaveform of pulse of laser of weaveform of 2 laser pulse solders in laser in it is a serious problem, it is more important to solder to chip especially. Stimulate beam of light to shoot when high strenth to material surface, the laser energy that metallic surface will have 98 ％ of 60 ％ ～ is reflexed and the loss is dropped, and reflectivity changes along with exterior temperature. During action of pulse of a laser inside, the change of metallic reflectivity is very big. 2.

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Arteries and veins of width of 3 laser pulse is wide it is one of important parameter that pulse laser solders, its since distinguishs the important parameter that fuses at material purify and material, also be the crucial parameter that decides to process facility cost and volume. 2.

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4 to soldering from anxious quantity the influence laser of quality solders to need to leave anxious amount certainly normally, the power density that manages facula center because of laser focus is exorbitant, evaporate easily aperture. On each plane that leaves laser central issue, power density distributings relatively even. Have two kinds from anxious means: Leaving anxious with negative from anxious. Anxious plane is located in workpiece upper part to be leaving anxious, leave to lose conversely anxious. According to geometrical optics theory, should losing when leaving anxious quantity equal, density of the power on place correspondence plane is approximate and identical, but the bath figure that wins actually is different. Lose from Jiao Shi, can obtain bigger frit deep, the formation of this and bath the process is concerned. The experiment makes clear, laser heats material of 200 μ S begins 50 ～ fused, form fluid photograph metal and appear partial vaporization, form high-pressured vapour, and with extremely tall speed eject, give out dazzling Bai Guang. Meanwhile, system of high concentration steam makes campaign of fluid photograph metal comes bath brim, form in bath center cave. Should lose from Jiao Shi, density of material interior power is higher than the surface, easy form stronger fused, vaporization, make light energy to material more in deliver. In applying actually so, should ask frit is deep bigger when, use negative from anxious; Solder when weak data, appropriate is used leaving anxious. 2.

The technique that 2 laser beam welding receive 2.

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1 with piece between solder include pair of solder, upright solder, center to penetrate fused solder, center punchs 4 kinds of technique such as fused solder. 2.

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2 of silk and silk solder include silk and silk to be built to solder, across solder, parallel receive 4 kinds of technique such as solder, T solder. 2.

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Of 3 tinsel and lump component solder the connection that uses laser to solder to realize tinsel and lump component successfully, the dimension of lump component is OK and aleatoric. The geometrical size of filiform component should note in solder. 2.

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Of 4 different metals solder solder not to want to solve with the metal of the type solderability and but solder parameter limits. The laser between different material solders to only certain and specific data combines gift likely. The characteristic laser beam welding that 3 laser beam welding receive receives have the following and main good point: 3.

1 rate is fast, late wide than big, be out of shape small. After laser focusing, power density is high, when soldering, deep wide Bikeda 5:1, highest can amount to 12:1. Because frit is deep big, can obtain solder goodly contact, brim groove angle solders in the meantime small, minor volume welding line saved stuff stuff. 3.

2 laser beam welding receive a technology to have bath to purify effect, metal of can pure welding line, apply to identical solder with what different metal stuff asks. 3.

3 laser beam welding receive energy density tall, rate of dot, tall to Gao Rong reflectivity, tall heat conduction and physical character differ very big metal solders particularly advantageous. 3.

4 can undertake soldering below room temperature or special condition, solder device is simple. For example, laser is planted in vacuum, air and some solder all can be applied in gas atmosphere, can cross the material with glass or transparent beam of light to undertake soldering. 3.

The 5 place that can solder to be close to hard, applying blame contact is remote solder, have very big flexibility, especially in recent years, south at using fiber-optic technology, laser beam welding receives technical application to achieve more extensive progress. 3.

6 stimulate easy implementation of beam of light to ask on time as prismatic as the space, can have much beam of light at the same time multitask treatment, be more accurate, miniature solder offerred a condition. But, laser beam welding receives the limitation with also existing certain, main body is the following now two respects: (1) asks weldment equipment precision is tall, and requirement beam of light cannot have remarkable deflection in the position on workpiece. Because size of spot of laser focusing gloriole is small,this is, welding line is narrow, when soldering, fill metal stuff should be joined in welding line, if workpiece equipment precision or beam of light locate precision short of asks, cause weld defects very easily. (The cost of 2) laser and relevant system is higher, one-time investment is larger. Current, the development respect technology that I solder to did not have in laser together still is not very mature, manufacturing cost is very high, basically be the laser that introduces the United States and Western Europe country and establishment of form a complete set. 4 laser beam welding receive CO2 of high power of the application in automobile industry and development foreground and laser of high power YAG appear, open up the new field that laser beam welding receives. The deep frit that is theoretical foundation with keyhole effect solders, increasingly wide application was won in the industrial domain such as mechanical, car, iron and steel. According to concerning data statistic, industrial state home is amounted to in Euramerican hair in, the car component that has 70 ％ of 50 ％ ～ is finished with laser beam machining. Basically solder to be given priority to with cut with laser among them, laser solders to already made standard technology in auto industry. Laser uses at automobile body face plate solder but will different ply and the plate solder that have film of different face besmear are together, undertake punch again next, the face plate structure that such become making can achieve the most reasonable metal to combine. The rate that laser beam welding receives is about 4.

5m/min, and be out of shape rarely, leave out fabricating. Laser beam welding is received quickened replace with punch spare parts forging the process of the spare parts. Use laser beam welding to receive, can decrease build receive width and a few reinforce a part, return the volume that can reduce itself of automobile body structural member. Only the weight of this one automobile body can reduce 56kg. Laser beam welding receives those who be used at roof crust and frame to solder, of transmission converter cover board solder, by CNC control, its cycle time is 16s about, actual weld time is 3s only, one day can run 24h continuously. Use at soldering the gear-box assembly of sedan and batholith, stimulate beam of light solder rate is rapid, easily automation is controlled and easily add up arrives in a flexible production system, stimulated beam of light to improve the cycle of products plan put into production of manufacturer, reduced the percent defective of finished product. The United States is the earliest the country that introduces high power laser auto industry, in American auto industry heart Detroit area has more than 40 laser beam machining to stand, use at car metal of cut and gear solder, make the remodel of the car shortens from 5 years. Current, although the system of robot of laser beam machining of class of a kilowatt needs hundred thousands of dollar, but the security of new-style laser and dependability got assuring, its breakdown stops machine rate only 2 ％ , preventive measure is very reliable also. Interface of workpiece of the need when laser beam welding is received is close together be identical, this is not easy implementation on craft, but at present advanced clip holds method and the flange design that suit laser beam welding to receive to make this one problem gets understanding definitely. Laser beam welding receives a technology mature gradually make each big car manufacturer does not have one exception use come to sb's aid of laser beam welding to car product line. Company of American general motors has introduced product line of 22 laser beam machining, american Ford Motor Corporation uses Nd: Robot of industry of YAG laser union solders car bodywork, reduced production cost greatly. The product line of resistor spot welding that 3 big Motor Corporation of American had had 50 ％ 2000 is replaced by product line of laser beam welding. Be in Japan, laser beam welding receives successful on product line application to be fixed eyes upon for world place, if be made in car bodywork,will thin stencil steel is used to implement the new method of figuration of the punch after laser beam welding is received in building, already went up for the world now place of most car manufacturer is imitated. Very much famous Motor Corporation builds on the world special laser beam welding receives special product line: The car motherboard of Thyssen steely company spells solder product line, the product line of gear laser beam machining of masses car plant, there were 8 workshops to install equipment of laser beam machining in 18 workshop of Benz factory. Laser beam welding is received basically is most in auto industry apply in car automobile body solder with joining together base board solders on. To satisfy the requirement of the market and client, improving automobile body and workmanship is very necessary, and the 1/5 that the automobile body value of the car occupies car total prices to be worth about, use laser beam welding to receive craft to make the impact resistance of automobile body and fatigue resistance can get marked improvement, improve the quality of the car. Because use the computer to control,laser beam welding is received, have stronger flexibility and maneuverability so, can wait for component to undertake soldering to the door plank with special appearance, fender, gear, dashboard, also can finish roof and side wall, engine to wear wear those who wait for a component to assemble with radiator. If add glazing fine to transmit system and manipulator, the car that can implement automation assembles product line. What use 3kw controls is fiber-optic transmission ND: YAG successive laser, coordinate spot welding system, the clamping apparatus that goes up with product line closes suitably, with respect to the goal that can achieve automation to solder. General, run quickly on the product line that waited to use this one system to apply in newest model, laser beam welding receives a system to be able to achieve the requirement of perfect treatment almost, there is outstanding show on efficiency, economy, safe, intensity, corrosion resistance. The automobile body of a car and batholith are comprised by the spare parts of 300 kinds of above, it is almost OK to use laser beam welding to receive solder all material that do not distribute ply, brand, phyletic, grade together, make the part of all sorts of appearance, increase the flexibility that the car designs greatly. Joining together base board optimize a component to design on the foundation that analyses automobile body structure adequately namely, those who make is OK south a few kinds of models of a few base board solders and become. Reduced mould amount greatly so, added overall material utilization factor, and the base that can ask in intensity different position uses different ply board, can strike out form, reduced weight, raised precision, still make corrosion resistance and safety performance have rise substantially, automobile body structure also simplifies greatly. The side wall product line of abundant field company used joining together base board solders technology, make the amount of the mould drops, overall material utilization factor achieves 65 ％ , add the part of other, make the cost of every car drops 30 much dollars, increase a car to produce the beneficial result of business greatly. Laser beam welding receives a technology to solder to traditional car the influence that craft brought concussion sex, each are big Motor Corporation holds very positive attitude to this. Use new technology to mean stronger competition ability, compete especially brutal auto industry. Laser beam welding receives a technology soldering when aluminous material, the applied future that replaces cast and structure of structural frame of whole automobile body to solder with weldment is the greatest. Laser produces manufacturer to should seize business chance, make great efforts in the respect such as the removability of laser, bulk, consumed fine transmits laser, make laser fits the need of car product line more. A few laser products of domestic produce manufacturer to had realized this gradually. For instance Hubei light connects the pulse Nd that photoelectricity system limited company produces: YAG laser beam welding receives focusing of coupling of fine of engine profit consumed, use convenient, laser head can be far from weld zone, laser function is stable and reliable, life is long, the optics that also can use a convention transmits a system. Laser already can laser solders, OK also Laser Cutting and stiletto, one machine multipurpose, special apply to workshop of laser beam machining and automation product line. 21 centuries auto industry is being entered can ask to undertake according to the user flexible the kind that module type produces, conventional treatment craft cannot satisfy a new student to produce the need of means, this received large-scale application of the technology to offer an opportunity to laser beam welding, it is certain in car domain that laser beam welding receives technology and technology of its laser beam machining can have greater progress, become the important treatment method in auto industry. CNC Milling CNC Machining